What causes Lyme disease in dogs?

Lyme disease in dogs is caused by a bacterial infection that is transmitted primarily through the bite of infected ticks, particularly the black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis) and the western black-legged tick (Ixodes pacificus). The bacterium responsible for the disease is called Borrelia burgdorferi. When a dog is bitten by an infected tick, the bacteria can enter the bloodstream, leading to various symptoms such as fever, lethargy, joint pain, and swelling.

Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial, as untreated Lyme disease can lead to more severe health issues, including kidney problems and chronic arthritis. Understanding this transmission and the nature of the bacterial infection is vital for dog owners, especially in areas where these ticks are prevalent, enabling them to take preventive measures to protect their pets.